children's reports of family or home characteristics rather than information provided by their parents. There is a well … socioeconomic gradients in children's cognitive abilities across countries. Socioeconomic status is typically measured drawing on …'s occupation, parental education, and the number of books in the family home. Our results suggest that children's reports of their …

"Parents invest both their material resources and their time into raising their children. Time investment in children … sectional patterns in time spent with children by parents within the United States. Second, we interpret our results in a … is thought to be critical to the development of "quality" children who will become productive adults. This paper has …

greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students …. Educational losses may translate into significant national income losses over time. …

greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students …. Educational losses may translate into significant national income losses over time. …

Migration continues to be a very important income diversification strategy, especially for poor populations in … empirical illustration for a sample of 16 low and middle income countries shows that, overall, internal migrants slightly … achieve a higher level of human development than non-migrants. The results further show that differences in income between …