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Crisis Innovation Policy from World War II to COVID-19

Gross, Daniel P.; Sampat, Bhaven N. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021

Innovation policy can be a crucial component of governments' responses to crises. Because speed is a paramount … objective, crisis innovation may also require different policy tools than innovation policy in non-crisis times, raising … distinct questions and tradeoffs. In this paper, we survey the U.S. policy response to two crises where innovation was crucial …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012585399

The Economics of Crisis Innovation Policy : A Historical Perspective

Gross, Daniel P.; Sampat, Bhaven N. - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2021

-produced penicillin, antimalarials, and a flu vaccine. We draw on this episode to discuss the economics of crisis innovation. Since the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012482553

Killing the Golden Goose? The Decline of Science in Corporate R&D

Arora, Ashish - 2015

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … innovation. Large firms appear to value the golden eggs of science (as reflected in patents) but not the golden goose itself (the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012457764

Words in Patents : Research Inputs and the Value of Innovativeness in Invention

Packalen, Mikko - 2012

Intelligently allocating research effort and funds requires deciding whether to build on recent advances or on more established knowledge. When recent advances create superior opportunities for invention, their adoption as research inputs in the invention process promotes technological progress....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012460166

The NBER Orange Book Dataset : A User's Guide

Durvasula, Maya; Hemphill, C. Scott; Ouellette, Lisa … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

This paper introduces a newly digitized, open-access version of the Food and Drug Administration's "Orange Book"--a linkage between approved small-molecule drugs and the patents that protect them. The Orange Book also reports any applicable regulatory exclusivity that prevents competitive entry....

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013462677

The Diffusion of Scientific Knowledge Across Time and Space : Evidence from Professional Transitions for the Superstars of Medicine

Azoulay, Pierre - 2011

Are scientific knowledge flows embodied in individuals, or "in the air"? To answer this question, we measure the effect of labor mobility in a sample of 9,483 elite academic life scientists on the citation trajectories associated with individual articles (resp. patents) published (resp. granted)...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012461974

Innovation and Market Value

Hall, Bronwyn H. - 1999

Recent research on financial market valuation of the knowledge assets of publicly traded firms is surveyed. The motivation for using a market value equation to price knowledge assets is discussed and the theory behind this equation is briefly presented. Then the empirical literature that relates...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012471824

The Value of Patents as Indicators of Inventive Activity

Griliches, Zvi - 1986

This paper summarizes a number of studies which use patent data to examine different aspects of technological change. It describes our firm level data set construction effort; reports on the relationship between RLD expenditures and the level of patenting; analyzes the relationship between...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012476987

Tax Policy for Innovation

Hall, Bronwyn H. - 2019

A large number of countries around the world now provide some kind of tax incentive to encourage firms to undertake innovative activity. This paper presents the policy rationale for these incentives, discusses their design and potential effectiveness, and reviews the empirical evidence on their...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479723

The Changing Structure of American Innovation : Some Cautionary Remarks for Economic Growth

Arora, Ashish - 2019

major changes in the American innovation ecosystem over the past century. The past three decades have been marked by a …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012479842