In this paper we characterize what has sometimes been referred to in the literature as instantaneous causality, by examining the consequences of temporal aggregation in (possibly) Granger causal systems of variables. Our approach is to compare the concept of contemporaneous correlation due to...

We show that using data which are properly available in real time when assessing the sensitivity of asset prices to economic news leads to different empirical findings that when data availability and timing issues are ignored. We do this by focusing on a particular example, namely Chen, Roll and...

We examine the prevalence of data, specification, and parameter uncertainty in the formation of simple rules which mimic monetary policy-making decisions. Our approach is to build real-time datasets, simulate a real-time policy-setting environment, and provide a set of prescriptions and...