Many low skilled jobs have been substituted away for machines in Europe, or eliminated, much more so than in the US …, while technological progress at the "top", i.e. at the high-tech sector, is faster in the US than in Europe. This paper … suggests that the main difference between Europe and the US in this respect is their different labor market policies. European …

. Results are presented for the U. S., Japan, and an aggregate called "Europe" consisting of eleven European economies. The … primary theme of the paper is that differences between Europe and the U. S. have been substantially exaggerated in recent work …. Europe has neither greater nominal wage flexibility nor more rigid real wages than the U. S. Evidence that the U. S. exhibits …

the unskilled. By contrast, in Europe it is undoubtedly the rise and persistence of unemployment. Technology has been …

Throughout the postwar era until 1995 labor productivity grew faster in Europe than in the United States. Since 1995 …, productivity growth in the EU-15 has slowed while that in the United States has accelerated. But Europe's productivity growth … growth within Europe. We document this tradeoff in the raw data, in regressions that control for the two-way causation …