Due to constant change in the marketplace, it can be difficult for companies to secure the material, human, and technological resources necessary for competitive innovation activities. In this sense, and to overcome these constraints, the open innovation model is a quite successful approach,...

In arbitrage-free but incomplete markets, the equivalent martingale measure Q for pricing traded assets is not uniquely determined. A possible approach when it comes to choosing a particular pricing measure is to consider the one that is "closest" to the physical probability measure P, where...