so. Building on data for 24 European Union countries, this paper asks whether EU governments implemented additional …, social safety nets in Europe remain far below widely accepted poverty thresholds, including the EU's own official measure …

At the European level and in most EU member states, higher employment levels are seen as key to better poverty outcomes …

or exceed the EU's at-risk-of poverty threshold, set at 60 per cent of median equivalent household income in each country …

Intra‐EU mobility has been the subject of debate from its very inception. Some scholars argue that intra‐EU labour … migration improves the allocation of human capital in the EU and contend that the level of permanent‐type labour mobility is … with high levels of short term service mobility. Service mobility/posting is as much a phenomenon of intra‐EU15 mobility …