This paper explores official trade data to identify patterns of smuggling in international trade. Our main measure of … interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … with the level of corruption in both partner countries. This finding supports the hypothesis that trade gaps partly …

This paper attempts to build up a Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model of production and trade where capital is introduced … trade only nominal factor prices. International financial flows will not alter pattern of trade, but movement of labour and … much more than before. Introducing finance affects trade patterns with unemployment and especially with imperfect credit …