This paper explores official trade data to identify patterns of smuggling in international trade. Our main measure of … interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … with the level of corruption in both partner countries. This finding supports the hypothesis that trade gaps partly …

This paper attempts to build up a Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model of production and trade where capital is introduced … trade only nominal factor prices. International financial flows will not alter pattern of trade, but movement of labour and … much more than before. Introducing finance affects trade patterns with unemployment and especially with imperfect credit …

This paper introduces finance or credit in the Dixit-Stiglitz-Krugman (DSK) model of international trade. It identifies … output per variety. Thus, availability of finance will determine a specific trade pattern between richer and poorer nations … indeterminate pattern of trade. …

Dixit and Stiglitz (1977) with applications in international trade by Krugman (1979,1980), by modeling fixed and variable … pattern of trade between varieties and output per variety, which is indeterminate in a standard single good Dixit …