Ex-ante regulations and ex-post liabilities for using a new technology will induce additional costs for adopters. The standard model is advanced by including irreversibility and uncertainty and taking into account transaction costs of negotiating possible cost reductions. The case analysed is...

More than 40% of US grain is used for energy due to the Renewable Fuels Mandate (RFS). There are no studies of the global distributional consequences of this purely domestic policy. Using micro-level survey data, we trace the effect of the RFS on world food prices and their impact on household...

More than 40% of US grain is now used to produce biofuels, which are used as substitutes for gasoline in transportation. Biofuels have been blamed universally for recent increases in world food prices. Many studies have shown that these energy mandates in the US and EU may have a large (30-60%)...

In 2019, it has become apparent that the gap in prices of imported tomatoes and Russian ones is narrowing. However, Russian glass-grown tomatoes are still more expensive than the imported ones despite new projects, depreciation of the rouble and good output yield

With the rapid expansion of private forest plantations worldwide, their impacts on local development are under scrutiny by NGOs and researchers alike. This study investigates the impacts of private forest plantations on local infrastructure and social services in rural Tanzania. We take a...

In the beginning of 2010 the RF President approved the Doctrine of Food Security worked out in the framework of the Strategy of National Security of the Russian Federation till 2020 (enacted by the RF President Decree No. 537 of May 12, 2009). For the first time the Doctrine treats food security...

Since the end of 2020, the price of potatoes has sharply increased in Russia. The growth is associated with structural changes in production and a high level of world prices for crop products competing with potatoes for acreage. The increase in the cost in late winter and early summer is...