at which they upgrade the quality of their products. We analyze the effect of import competition on quality upgrading …

How does competition affect innovation and how it is financed in R&D-intensive firms? We study the interaction between … competition, R&D investments, and the financing choices of such firms using data on biopharmaceutical firms. To motivate the … existing assets are all determined in response to the degree of competition in the industry. The key predictions are that, as …

, such as intellectual human capital, can predict where and when biotechnology enterprises emerge and agglomerate. Density … dependence and previous founding dependence proxy many underlying processes; the legitimation and competition interpretation is … more conjectural than empirically tenable. We argue and demonstrate for biotechnology that an alternative model based on …

In this paper, we examine the determinants of control rights in technology strategic alliances between biotechnology … firms and pharmaceutical corporations, as well as with other biotechnology firms. We undertake three clinical studies and an …

.S. biotechnology enterprises during 1976-1989. Using a linked cross-section/time- series panel data set, we find that the timing and … structures. We believe biotechnology may be prototypical of the birth patterns in other innovative industries …

of placed-based policies designed to spur innovation clusters. We estimate that the adoption of subsidies for biotech …

. Here we explore the importance within the biotechnology industry of the non-financial metrics firms used to convey value … was a change over time in the importance of various metrics in determining the value of a biotechnology firm. We find that … value. Our results also suggest that the biotechnology regime changed and the Nobel Prize lost its luster as a signal of …

The biotechnology industry has been an engine of innovation for the U.S. healthcare system and, more generally, the U … American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as biotechnology firms to estimate several Fama-French three factor return … current study we find that biotechnology firms are exposed to greater financial risk than other industries and are also more …