In response to increased international policy attention to youth unemployment this study investigates post … youth unemployment is centered in high unemployment states and metropolitan areas. Recent changes in academic benefit …

This study tests to what degree the incidence of payroll taxes in Germany is on employment and whether in consequence … payroll taxes, in particular social insurance contributions, are the culprit behind the growing unemployment problem. Using …. Various simulations indicate that the employment effects of payroll taxes are minimal. …

neutralised, for example, by imposing a constant wedge, the employment impact will depend on the nature of the unemployment …In order to alleviate unemployment it is often recommended to reduce social security contributions (SSC) and to … compensate for the ensuing loss in revenues by a rise in the value-added tax (VAT). Assuming unemployment to be caused by …

In an efficiency wage economy with variable profits, a shift from payroll to employment taxes will reduce unemployment … if the tax level is held constant at the initial wage. However, unemployment will rise if firms are constrained to zero … profits in the long-run and if tax revenues are constant. This reversal of employment effects occurs because the shift in …

of health shocks on employment and economic wellbeing of older workers. A health shock trebles the probability of leaving … the labor force and almost doubles the unemployment risk. The financial effects of health shocks are small on average and …