engage in offshoring. Reshoring does occur but seldom for corrective reasons. China remains the most attractive site for …

engage in offshoring; reshoring does occur but seldom for corrective reasons. (3) North America may be at the cusp of a …

In this paper we survey the recent empirical literature on the effects of offshoring on wage, employment and … displacement. We start with an overview of the measurement of offshoring, organizing our discussion around the three key elements … of offshoring: that it involves intermediate inputs for production (vs. final goods for consumption); that it involves …

The offshoring of production by multinational firms has expanded dramatically in recent decades, increasing these firms … probability. We also show that a firm's probability of offshoring increases with the share of its employees who are immigrants …

pollution haven hypothesis whereby offshoring is central to the mechanism - US manufacturers begin to source from abroad and …

factor. Offshoring jobs abroad may change the composition of domestic firms and employment and thus reduce union density … workers and firms in Denmark (1999-2017), which allows us to measure the exogenous threat of offshoring at the firm-level and … the unionization decisions of individual workers. The findings show that the threat of offshoring reduces unionization …

The firms' international fragmentation of production has recently widened its focus from outsourcing of intermediates … to off-shoring of business services such as software program development and international call centre networks. Although …

obsolete and make business service outsourcing via cross-border trade more feasible. Although the (service-led) growth … long-run growth effect for countries taking part in the outsourcing process of producer services exists. The growth effect …