We present a novel theory that immigrants facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship by being willing and able to … observationally equivalent natives. Areas with large numbers of immigrants may therefore lead to more entrepreneurship and innovation …

impact of immigration on entrepreneurial activity. Immigrants, we hypothesize, facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship by … of immigrants (even if they are not self-employed) may prove to be areas in which entrepreneurship and innovation are … beyond traditional perspectives that focus on low-cost immigrant labor or immigrant entrepreneurship …

entrepreneurial elite, resulting in economic policy and institutions which are more conducive to entrepreneurship and productivity …