deforestation, pollution, and carbon intensities. Per capita emissions follow a $J$-curve. Specifically, poverty reduction occurs …

This paper surveys the recent literature exploring the causes of urban pollution in the developing world and the … implications of such pollution for a city's competitiveness. Within a system of cities, cities compete for jobs and people. Those … pollution inhibit urban competitiveness? Second, why is this effect likely to grow in importance over time? Third, why have …

This paper contributes to the debate on the existence of pollution haven effects by systematically measuring the … pollution content of trade (measured by the pollution content of imports, PCI) and decomposing it into three components - a deep … pollution haven effect which increases the PCI of the North because of stricter environmental regulations in the North. At the …