This study examines herding behavior in the Pakistani Stock Market under different market conditions, focusing on the Ramadan effect and Crisis period by using data from 2004 to 2014. Two regression models of Christie and Huang (Financ Analysts J 51:31–37, 1995) and Chang et al., (J Bank...

Exposure to market risk is a core objective of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) with a focus on systematic risk. However, traditional OLS Beta model estimations (Ordinary Least Squares) are plagued with several statistical issues. Moreover, the CAPM considers only one source of risk and...