the vast majority of countries. Third, in many countries with low levels of education for both men and women in 1960 … better. Fourth, gender gaps rarely persist in countries where boys attain high levels of education. Most countries with large … education than men in some regions of the world. Although gender gaps in educational attainment are diminishing in most …

below which an increase in income has no impact on child labor and education. We estimate the causal impact of an increase … in income on child labor and education exploiting the random allocation of the Child Grant Programme, an unconditional …, while relatively less poor households reduce child labor and increase education. In policy terms, the results indicate that …