in its labor market. Institutions that typically characterize rigid labor markets are effectively balanced by flexibility … instruments. Important developments since 2000 include steadily decreasing unemployment rates (since 2005), increasing … participation rates, and (since 2011) moderately increasing labor compensation. The German labor market has also been remarkably …

Experiences during the Great Recession support the view that the UK labor market is relatively flexible. Unemployment … stability of the UK labor market, is not yet visible in labor market statistics. …

in its labor market. Institutions that typically characterize rigid labor markets are effectively balanced by flexibility … instruments. Important developments since 2000 include steadily decreasing unemployment rates (since 2005), increasing … participation rates, and (since 2011) moderately increasing labor compensation. The German labor market has also been remarkably …

Finland’s population is aging rapidly by international comparison. The shrinking working-age population means that the … for economic growth through increased labor input diminishes. Fiscal sustainability of the welfare state calls for a high … finances, but high overall unemployment and a large share of the long-term unemployed are serious concerns. …

Experiences during the Great Recession support the view that the UK labor market is relatively flexible. Unemployment … stability of the UK labor market, is not yet visible in labor market statistics. …

France has the second largest population of countries in the EU. Since 2000, the French labor market has undergone …. The most interesting of these changes have been the massive improvement in the education of the labor force (especially of …

unemployment insurance, and active labor market policies. This model has coped with the Great Recession and the Covid-19 pandemic …, avoiding large increases in long-term and structural unemployment. The recovery from Covid-19 alongside re-openings has been … swift, so labor market effects were temporary. A string of recent reforms has boosted labor supply and employment; although …

Temporary work agencies use training as a recruitment and retention argument when qualified labor is scarce. However … to more sustainable employment. Adjustments in labor market institutions could make the provision of training more …

-time work compensation schemes) make it easier for employers to temporarily reduce hours worked so that labor is better matched … employment levels during recessions. However, they can create inefficiency in the labor market, and might limit labor market …