Industrial agglomerations or `clusters` arise in the presence of industry-specific and local externalities, also called Marshallian externalities. The standard argument is that such externalities may justify a policy of infant-industry protection to allow and encourage clusters to emerge. This...

This survey of industrial policies in Latin American and the Caribbean makes two basic claims, namely: 1) that the late 1980s and the entire decade of the 1990s represented a transition from the industrial policies of the import substitution model to industrial policies suitable for open...

This paper examines the microeconomic interventions used to complement Washington Consensus reforms in Latin America. It maintains that the kind of interventions currently in vogue in most countries lack a sound theoretical and empirical foundation or are applied in a manner likely to prove...

Europe's industrial base needs to undergo a swift and persistent transformation towards carbon neutrality and circularity, but this transition must happen in a fair and socially just manner. In this working paper, we evaluate the support mechanisms for heavy industry which have been put in place...

Being technology and knowledge-intensive and high valued, the engineering industry enhances the competitiveness and productivity of related industries. Moreover, recent economic circumstances continue to raise the significance of the engineering realm, not only along with the spread of...

In order to vitalize the domestic economy, the new Korean government adopted the economic concept of the ‘Creative Economy (afterwards, CE)’, which is accompanied by various interpretations. In fact, the CE can have many different approaches in accordance with aims and targets, whether they...

The Korean apparel industry is a high value-added industry that creates value by fusing fashion design, highly-sensitive and functional materials and brand value.In addition, the apparel industry, which consists of planning and design - patterns, samples, sewing and marketing - is a job-creating...

Technical textiles are rapidly creating new demand by replacing metals, ceramics and plastics with better-performing textiles featuring enhanced strength, heat resistance and elasticity through technological innovation. In particular, advanced technical textiles can augment value-added, not only...

This study focuses on the demand sector of smart factories, especially policies related to the introduction of smart factories by small and medium sized manufacturers. As will be explained later, discussions focusing on SMEs are important because the gap in capacity and resources between large...