Baraldi, Anna Laura; Papagni, Erasmo; Stimolo, Marco - 2022
increase the cost of corruption but not of the exercise of violence might accordingly lead mafia-style organizations to … retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, anti-corruption measures might also induce criminal … violence. To determine which of these possible effects is prevalent, we undertake an empirical assessment of the impact of city …