We test the menu cost model of Ball and Mankiw (1994, 1995) on data from the inflation and deflation periods in Japan … during both inflation and deflation, is strongly supported. The data are less clear on, but does not reject, the hypothesis … that the parameter on the standard deviation changes sign between inflation and deflation periods. …

The classical definition of inflation refers to increasing the quantity of money in circulation. However, in everyday … language, inflation is seen rather through the effects of monetary expansion, i.e. increasing prices. Therefore, the term … “inflation” generates a semantic confusion, for which could be responsible the omnipresence of consumer price index (CPI) in the …

For decades, the academic literature has focused on three survey measures of expected inflation: the Livingston Survey … models of forecasting inflation, the data are low frequency measures which appear anachronistic in the modern era of high … frequency and real-time data. I present a collection of 37 different measures of inflation expectations, including many …

understanding of and expand research on this topic. Given the importance of the People’s Republic of China, Japan, and the United …

two previous long economic expansions, using 31 variables on real activity, inflation, productivity, wages, profits …. Inflation was decreasing or stable, a fact which is new for the post-World War II period (but not for the longer historical … interest rates reflected mostly reductions in inflation and the national debt. Profit margins increased strongly. Still, there …