Cash are socially less costly than payment cards for all payments below DKK 29, while Dankort, the national Danish debit card, are cheaper for all other point-of-sale payments. These results are derived from calculations that divide costs of payments into fixed, variable-transaction-dependent,...

The introduction of the paper discusses the different opinions about income inequalities and income distribution. Further the author presents the most important alternative methods for measuring income inequalities. Contrary to the traditional income distribution analysis the underlying data...

Cash are socially less costly than payment cards for all payments below DKK 29, while Dankort, the national Danish debit card, are cheaper for all other point-of-sale payments. These results are derived from calculations that divide costs of payments into fixed, variable-transaction-dependent,...

The introduction of the paper discusses the different opinions about income inequalities and income distribution. Further the author presents the most important alternative methods for measuring income inequalities. Contrary to the traditional income distribution analysis the underlying data...

We study the effects of German unification in a model with capital accumulation, skill differences and a welfare state. We argue that this event is similar to a mass migration of low-skilled agents holding no capital into a foreign country. Absent a welfare state, we observe an investment boom,...