By defining some behaviors as crimes, law defines incentives and protects society from direct and indirect, tangible and intangible negative impacts. Whatever the severity of the prescribed penalties for those that prevaricate, society and its institutions need to act at the level of law...

This paper draws and expands from a recent ex-post evaluation carried out for the European Commission aimed at assessing the long term effects produced by a sample of ten major infrastructures in the Transport and Environment sectors and interpreting the key determinants of the observed...

On the basis of market demand survey of chestnut, this article carries out cost-benefit analysis of the chestnut production in Xingtai County, to understand the profitability and payback period of local chestnut production. It points out that chestnut production has a high rate of return on...

Reductions in transport costs resulting from infrastructure improvements generate benefits that can be measured as surplus changes either at an economy-wide scale (social welfare changes) or, as is common practice in cost-benefit analysis (CBA), at a transport market level as transport users’...

Cost-benefit analysis on an animal health program involves considerable data collection and analysis. The analysis step involves expressing data in the form of cash flows, and then performing discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis. The output of DCF analysis consists of one of more of the various...

Cost-benefits analysis is a powerful method of evaluating the economic merits of public sector investments. Demands by treasury departments for justification of budgets of government agencies, and new developments in measurement of non-market costs and benefits, ensure wide use. The availability...

Studies on food supply values, the basis of eco-service values, and their factors of different pond aquaculture ecosystems are helpful to explain the influences of the inputted factors and their variations among these ecosystems and provide information for stakeholders to adjust their decisions...

According to the relevant statistical data in National Agricultural Cost-benefit Data Compilation (2001-2013), we use the modified entropy weight—TOPSIS model to research the cost-benefit status of scale pig breeding in Shandong Province from the perspective of comparing it with that of...

Investing in Water Quality: Measuring Benefits, Costs and Risks, explores the methods and analytical tools available for making better investment decisions when our knowledge of the costs and benefits of water quality improvement is imprecise and the future is uncertain. The study demonstrates...

The benefits captured in an appraisal of a railway investment are determined by what timetables the analyst assumes in the scenarios with and without the investment. Without an explicit, objective and verifiable principle for which timetables to assume, the appraisal outcome is virtually...