, within a KPF framework, the relationship between the amount of R&D of firms and universities and the amount of patent …

not patents affect the direction of research but that scientists’ understanding of patent law; their recent experience …

innovation and total factor productivity at the country level. More recently this approach has been extended to take account of … externalities induced by innovation activities from foreign countries. This article is an attempt to test this relationship in the … those that relate productivity to innovation ad hoc, allows us to test the exogenous nature of externalities induced by R …

To analyze the welfare gain from allowing for differentiated patent protection across sectors, this study develops a … two-sector quality-ladder growth model in which patent breadth is a policy variable and derives the optimal patent breadth … under two policy regimes. We show that (i) the optimal uniform patent breadth is a weighted average of the optimal sector …

successful negotiations involving a granted patent with those involving a pending patent. Similarly, we identify the disclosure … effect by comparing the probability of successful negotiations involving a pending patent with those involving no patent. We … patent instead of a pending patent are 10 per cent more likely to be successfully completed (compared with an average …

such as the European Patent Office (EPO). Yet, not all firms file their patents at the EPO, raising the specter of a … results in a selection bias that affects econometric estimates of innovation production functions. We propose a methodology to …