Recent data show substantial increases in the size of gross external asset and liabilitypositions. The implications of these developments for optimal conduct of monetarypolicy are analyzed in a standard open economy model which is augmented to allowfor endogenous portfolio choice. The model...

We examine the extent to which taxes on corporate income are directly shifted onto the workforce. We use data on 55,082 companies located in nine European countries over the period 1996-2003. We identify this direct shifting through cross-company variation in tax liabilities, conditional on...