This paper investigates the effect of toxic-releasing facilities’ relocation on the distribution of pollution incidence across communities depending on their socio-economic characteristics. Applying synthetic control estimation to toxic emissions data of 12,823 facilities from 1990 to 2011, we...

Policymakers have encouraged pollution prevention by facilities through mandatory reporting in the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and voluntary participation in environmental programs like the 33/50 program. While previous studies have focused on participation incentives and the effectiveness of...