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Evolutionary economists have tended to assess firms and industries separately, neglecting the role of their interaction … in the process of economic growth and development. We trace the separation of firms and industries to Marshall, whose … industries. Penrose avoids the industry concept by focussing on heterogeneous firms, while Young and Steindl develop mundane …
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Between 1990 and 2008, emissions of the most common air pollutants from U.S. manufacturing fell by 60 percent, even as real U.S. manufacturing output grew substantially. This paper develops a quantitative model to explain how changes in trade, environmental regulation, productivity, and consumer...
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We use newly available representative panel data for manufacturing enterprises in West and East Germany to investigate the link between production-related subsidies and exports. We document that only a small fraction of enterprises is subsidized, and that exports and subsidies are positively...
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This paper uses high-frequency data for publicly-listed Japanese manufacturing firms over the period 2000 to 2010 to show that a greater reliance on foreign market sales increases the conditional volatility of firms' stock returns. The two margins of global engagement we consider, namely,...
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