both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

We analyze the impact of product market competition on unemployment and wages, and how this depends on labour market … competition. We find that increased product market competition reduces unemployment, and that it does so more in countries with …. We also find that the effect of increased competition on real wages is beneficial to workers, but less so when they have …

in international data. More market orientation might be related to gender wage gaps via its effects on competition in …

both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

academia have been partially explained by "competitive pressures", which suggests a link between competition and cheating. In … no overall sex difference in cheating. However, the effect of competition on women's cheating behavior is entirely due to … of an individual to conduct a particular task and not sex that crucially affects the reaction to competition. Poor …

academia have been partially explained by competitive pressures, which suggests a link between competition and cheating. In our … sex difference in cheating. However, the effect of competition on women's cheating behavior is entirely due to the fact … individual to conduct a particular task and not sex that crucially affects the reaction to competition. Poor performers …

both increased competition and the enactment of equal treatment laws reduce the gender wage gap. …

This paper investigates the relationship between product market competition (PMC) and innovation. A Schumpeterian … engage in R&D activities. In this model, competition may increase the incremental profit from innovating; on the other hand …, competition may also reduce innovation incentives for laggards. This model generates four main predictions which we test …

European Union countries have implemented widespread reforms to product markets in order to stimulate competition … (SMP) were associated with increased product market competition, as measured by a reduction in average profitability, and … reforms on average profitability, and the effects of profitability on innovation and productivity growth. – Competition …

Policy makers in Europe have been concerned that lack of product market competition have led productivity to lag behind … the US. Theoretical models are ambiguous about the direction of the effect that product market competition should have on … productivity. On the one hand increasing competition lowers firm's profits and thus reduces incentives to exert effort (the …