We study the optimal and equilibrium size of cities in a city system model with environmental pollution. Pollution is …, if pollution is local or per capita pollution increases with population, we find that equilibrium cities are too large …. When pollution is global and per capita pollution declines with city size, however, equilibrium cities may be too small …

The paper studies the effect of public transport policies on urban pollution. It uses a quantitative equilibrium model … with residential choice and mode choice. Pollution comes from commuting and residential energy use. The model parameters … transport coupled with increasing transit speed affects the equilibrium. In the baseline simulation, total pollution falls by 0 …

production. Production exhibits increasing returns to scale on aggregate. Urban environmental pollution, as a force that … after finite time. -- Cities ; Urbanisation ; Pollution ; Growth ; Migration ; Sustainable Development …

Production often causes pollution as a by-product. Once pollution problems become too severe, regulation is introduced … and decline of pollution can be explained by policyinduced technology shifts. …

Production often causes pollution as a by-product. Once environmental degradation becomes too severe, regulation is …-improvements. The model gives an explanation for the inverted U-shaped pollution-income relation found in empirical research for many …

Production often causes pollution as a by-product. Once pollution problems become too severe, regulation is introduced … claim that the rise and decline of pollution can be explained by policy-induced technology shifts …