The internalisation theory of the Multinational Enterprise (MNE) explains MNE decisions to make/buy and/or ally, based on market and intra-organisational (firm/hierarchy) transactions costs. The theory focused on a limited set of categories, actors and sources of transaction costs and has...

The paper presents a simple general equilibrium model that formalizes internationalization in the Eclectic Paradigm based on a reconfiguration of concepts taken from the new classical economics literature. The model enables us to address simultaneously the role of ownership, location and...

The paper challenges the view that competitive advantage is a necessary condition for the emergence of the multinational enterprise. It formally derives the conditions under which multinational enterprises may emerge without possessing a competitive advantage vis-a-vis their rivals. This...

The market-internalization framework can be applied to non-economic institutions because society's nonmarket subsystems – political, social and cultural – are subject to failures just like economic markets, and firms can contribute to their repair or replacement by selectively, strategically...

The paper presents a model that evaluates how upgraded technological capabilities of emerging country based multinationals (EMNCs) and an increase in the domestic market size of large emerging countries affect value chain location choices and the competitiveness of emerging country based firms...

Over the past decade, international business and international management researchers have utilized meta-analytic approaches to synthesizing findings in the extant literature. This chapter reviews the studies published in the top-five international business and management journals from 2004 to...