host country (i.e., spillovers). We document that backward linkages have a consistently positive effect on productivity of … domestic firms while horizontal and forward linkages show no consistent effect. We also examine how the strength of spillovers …

; emerging markets ; spillovers …

(i.e., spillovers). Providing evidence from a larger sample of countries and greater variety of firms than existing … studies, with separate estimates by firm size, age, and sector, we show: a) backward spillovers (stemming from supplying a … foreign firm in the host country or exporting to a foreign firm) are consistently positive; b) horizontal spillovers are …

We estimate local fiscal multipliers and spillovers for the United States using a rich dataset based on U.S. Department … spillovers across locations and industries. Both backward linkages and general equilibrium effects (e.g., income multipliers …) contribute to the positive spillovers. Geographical spillovers appear to dissipate fairly quickly with distance. Our evidence …