Debates over whether and when to recommend screening for a potential disease focus on the causal impact of screening for a typical individual covered by the recommendation, who may differ from the typical individual who responds to the recommendation. We explore this distinction in the context...

We consider the effects of "precision" screening policies for cancer guided by algorithms. We first show that complex machine learning models can indeed predict cancer better than simpler models that use established risk factors. We then tackle the evaluation challenge: an algorithm that can...