impact of in-utero exposure to local violence – measured by homicide rates - on birth outcomes. The estimates show that … exposure to violence during the first trimester of pregnancy leads to a small but precisely estimated increase in the risk of …, where violence is endemic and are particularly pronounced among children of poorly educated mothers, implying that violence …

police-reported domestic violence. Variation comes from a large randomized controlled trial designed to assist victims in …

violence in the surroundings of schools has a detrimental effect on school attendance and on standardised test scores in math …

violence in the surroundings of schools has a detrimental effect on school attendance and on standardised test scores in math …

the impact of in-utero exposure to local violence -measured by homicide rates- on birth outcomes. Focusing on small … communities, where it is more plausible that local homicide rates reflect actual exposure to violence, the analysis shows that … exposure to violence during pregnancy leads to deterioration in birth outcomes: one extra homicide during the first trimester …