We address the question of how lending market competition, measured by the bargaining power of banks, affects the … agency costs of debt finance. It is shown that intensified lending market competition will lead to lower lending rates and … lending market competition will reduce the agency cost of debt financing. Hence, our analysis does not lend support to the …

the concept of 'entrepreneurial city'. A network connectivity model is adopted to assess connectivity patterns, using the …

with relying on market and competitive forcesto provide network services is the nature of supply and demandcharacteristics …

presented a research challenge to network analysis, that is, growth of the network. The present paper offers a network analysis … of the spatial commuting network in Germany. First, we study the spatial evolution of the commuting network over time …. Secondly, we compare two spatial interaction model (SIM) specifications, in order to replicate the actual network structure …

Many networks such as the Internet have been found to possess scale-free and small-world network properties reflected …-organizing processes and more specifically, preferential attachment. New nodes in a network tend to attach themselves to other vertices …, the diameter of the network is small in comparison to other network structures, and movement through the network is …

investigates - from a methodological viewpoint - the relationship between network connectivity and the rank-size rule (or Zipf …'s law) in an urban-economic network constellation. After a review of the literature, we address in particular the following …-economic network theories (e.g. entropy maximization, spatial interaction theory, etc.); (ii) the nature of the analytical relationship …

of the trade union. Intensified product market competition decreases profit sharing, but increases the negotiated base … higher wage elasticity of labor demand. Finally, we show that intensified product market competition does not necessarily …

equilibrium unemployment. The relationship between the long-run unemployment and the intensity of product market competition is …