output, construction, foreign trade and quarterly GDP figures confirm this development. The economic recovery in the 'old EU …, only Estonia and Lithuania currently meet all the Maastricht convergence criteria. A brief study of foreign trade data … reveals that in the Baltic States, foreign trade deficits are very high for goods even more so than for services. The NMS in …

outstanding feature of last year's economic developments was a boost in foreign trade (or of intra-EU dispatches and arrivals in … their aggregate trade balance slightly deteriorated (in fact foreign trade contributed positively to GDP growth in Poland … and 72% of imports represent intra-EU trade. Given the high (and rising) export surpluses of Russia and Ukraine - in both …

in unit labour costs. Despite this (and despite growth being weaker than expected in the euro zone), NMS foreign trade … continues to perform excellently. Foreign trade has been even more instrumental in generating GDP growth in the first quarter of … 2005 than in the past. It should be pointed out, however, that NMS trade with the 'old' EU has grown at a relatively slower …

growth in Ukraine has been spectacular, reflecting weak investment demand and the deterioration of foreign trade. By and …

merchandise trade. …

to the military attack on Ukraine. These sanctions include various restrictive measures on trade with Russia. In this … brief, we examine the potential short-term effects of trade sanctions on Russian production with an input-output framework …. We find that the trade sanctions can have substantial negative effects on Russian production when Russia is unable to …

This brief examines the development of Russia's trade flows in the March-June period following Russia's invasion of … Ukraine. Russia ceased publication of foreign trade statistics after the war broke out, so we utilize the trade statistics of …. Russian industrial output reflects a shift in foreign trade. High-tech industries reliant on imported inputs contracted, while …

economies. Countries imposing sanctions on Russia accounted for half of Russia's foreign trade and over half of foreign … financial flows before the war. We analyse the development of Russia's trade and financial relations in recent months and find … that Russia's success in reorienting its trade and investment flows has been mixed. …