systematically larger along the pre-Islamic trade routes in the Old World. The theory argues that this particular type of geography … economic performance. It suggests that the unequal distribution of land endowments conferred differential gains from trade …, capital accumulation remained low and wealth inequality bounded. Geography and trade shaped the set of economically relevant …

other is a market-making mode where an intermediary offers a platform for buyers and sellers to trade with each other. In …

; the other is a market-making mode by which an intermediary offers a platform for buyers and sellers to trade with each …

; the other is a market-making mode by which an intermediary offers a platform for buyers and sellers to trade with each …

This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine. We build a … model where an unequal distribution of land quality in presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from … trade across regions, fostering predatory behavior by groups residing in the poorly endowed territories. We show that in …

This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine and in turn … presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from trade across regions, fostering predatory behavior from the … redistribution featuring direct income transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered …

other is a market-making mode where an intermediary offers a platform for buyers and sellers to trade with each other. In …

; the other is a market-making mode by which an intermediary offers a platform for buyers and sellers to trade with each …