What is the causal effect of conflict on refugees' return and integration? To answer this question, we launched a panel … survey of Ukrainian refugees across Europe in June 2022 and combined it with geocoded conflict data. Most refugees plan to … integrate faster. Increased conflict intensity in the home municipality discourages return there, but not to Ukraine as a whole …

carried out in 2022 and 2023 allow us to examine the causal impact of local conflict intensity on refugees' return intentions … return. Conflict intensity in one's home municipality decreases current return intentions, but it has only a small impact on …

carried out in 2022 and 2023 allow us to examine the causal impact of local conflict intensity on refugees' return intentions … return. Conflict intensity in one's home municipality decreases current return intentions, but it has only a small impact on …

What is the causal effect of conflict on refugees' return and integration? To answer this question, we launched a panel … survey of Ukrainian refugees across Europe in June 2022 and combined it with geocoded conflict data. Most refugees plan to … integrate faster. Increased conflict intensity in the home municipality discourages return there, but not to Ukraine as a whole …