We examine the effect of bond Exchange‐Traded Funds (ETFs) on corporate bond liquidity. Using Propensity Score Matching and Difference‐in‐Differences techniques, we demonstrate that inclusion in ETFs is associated with a 10% reduction in transaction costs for high yield (HY) bonds and 4%...

Problem de finition: The inventory control problem associated with the distribution of essential medicines in Zambia involves seasonality and uncertainty in both demand and lead-times, heterogeneous delivery locations, and lost sales. Beyond the traditional performance metrics of system service...