Canadian dairy producers have been protected domestically through supply management and internationally through import restricting border controls for over forty years. This combination of domestic and foreign policies keeps Canadian dairy prices artificially high, and allows producers to profit...

The theory of interventionism argues that government interventions are inherently destabilizing, which in turn helps explain the growth of government. I argue that the theory of interventionism is also useful for explaining the process of economic growth. At first, an intervention reduces living...

This paper proposes estimating causalities in bilateral international trade in simultaneous systems, including domestic and foreign GDP as well as mutual trade flows. Conventional macroeconomic theory mainly follows partial approaches like import functions or exportled growth. Focusing on the US...