The financial concept of real options has important consequences in areas of environmental and natural resources law where irreversible decisions are made in the face of uncertainty. This article argues that consideration of real options is necessary to maximize economic return from...

Green technological progress bears a strong potential to alleviate climate change, but its utilization is contingent on factors which are by nature impossible to anticipate or predict. Developing stochastic optimisation models, we explore how the decision to invest in research and development...

The objective of this study is to review international experience in offshore wind power development and draw on the lessons learned from the experience of different countries. To date, that experience has predominantly been limited to Europe. Significantly different regulatory and physical...

Considering the fact that its existence is abundant while maintaining the ability to generate freshwater while burning, methane hydrates have been classified as sources of sustainable energy. China currently maintains an international role in developing technology meant to explore offshore...

This year’s key themes outlook focuses heavily on the resilience of hydrocarbon markets in the face of disruptions of many kinds; how sustainability and energy transition are becoming a strategic political objective that reaches well beyond the energy economy; and the technology elements of...