The paper estimates the lower bound for market concentration taking as reference the framework advanced by Sutton (1991 … concentration lower bound towards zero in exogenous sunk cost industries in line with previous empirical evidence for developed …

industries and (iv) marginally increases industry output concentration. Addressing the recent literature, we also control for …

concentration indexes for 4-digit manufacturing sectors. We find both significant markups and significant concentration across most … sectors. We compare computed markups and concentration with early estimates in South Africa and with other international … benchmark countries. We then examine the market structure based on the concentration, firms' size, and entry and exit dynamics …

A rapidly growing literature has shown that market concentration among domestic firms has increased in the United … measures of concentration, once adjusted for sales by foreign exporters, actually stayed constant between 1992 and 2012. We … reconcile these findings by linking part of the increase in domestic concentration to import competition. Although concentration …