Jedes zweite Unternehmen im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe spart Material, indem es seine Produkte ressourceneffizient designt. Obwohl die zunehmende digitale Vernetzung in komplexen industriellen Produktionsabläufen neue Möglichkeiten zur Ressourceneinsparung öffnet, ist fast die Hälfte der...

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is an important tool in data analyses, particularly in social science. Usually four steps are carried out which contain an large number of options. One important option is the number of factors and the association of variables with a factor. Our tools aim to...

This paper considers the problem of when a local martingale is a martingale or a universally integrable martingale, for the case of time-homogeneous scalar diffusions. Necessary and suffcient conditions of a geometric nature are obtained for answering this question. These results are widely...

This paper is willing to propose an alternative graphical modeling to visualize and analyze the GDP behavior from a multi-dimensional perspective. Firstly, we suggest the application of multi-dimensional graphical modeling and the graphical modeling in real time together. Both applications are...