This paper introduces a theory-based equivalence scale for public in-kind transfers, which justifies comparison of …, education and childcare expenditure on estimates of income inequality and poverty for 24 European countries. The empirical … results show significant effects of public in-kind transfers on the level of income inequality and poverty for all countries …

economies of scale are understated (as is the case when using the 'square root of household size'), the relative poverty …

three key pollution emissions Carbondioxide emission, Nitrous oxide emissions and Methane emissions for 37 High income … for carbondioxide and methane emissions indicating increased level of pollution. While nitrous oxide emissions exhibit the …

We study the impact of human capital and the level of education on the pollution-income relationship controlling for … studies. Therefore, any EKC theory should also acknowledge a new EKC model specification that we named the Educational EKC. …