The Leviathan natural gas field has become a significant energy source for surrounding states in the eastern Mediterranean such as Lebanon, Cyprus, Syria, Israel, Jordan and Turkey. Tensions in the particular area cause this resource to be exploited on a low efficiency level both when it comes...

The financial concept of real options has important consequences in areas of environmental and natural resources law where irreversible decisions are made in the face of uncertainty. This article argues that consideration of real options is necessary to maximize economic return from...

Green technological progress bears a strong potential to alleviate climate change, but its utilization is contingent on factors which are by nature impossible to anticipate or predict. Developing stochastic optimisation models, we explore how the decision to invest in research and development...

Offshore wind power is regarded as a crucial renewable energy technology to achieve the ambitious CO2 reduction targets of the EU. However, offshore wind power is not yet competitive with traditional electricity generation technologies, so its sustained development depends on national support...

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of investment decisions and shifts related to onshore and offshore wind power supply chains. Insights about cost reductions are generated from analyzing project financing data, using a 'European learning curve' derived from a European learning system. In...

The BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 raised worldwide concerns about the safety and liability of offshore drilling. The EU, having a significant number of offshore oil and gas drilling installations under a currently complex and fragmented legislative framework, was alerted. In the...