competing conceptions of the Westminster Parliament's sovereignty. In issue has been whether or how parliamentary sovereignty … of the Constitution'. The dichotomy was, on the one hand, of a formal legal conception of Parliament's sovereignty as … limitless in theory and, on the other hand, of a substantive political conception of its sovereignty as limited in actuality …

master a changing Europe in a changing world, actors distill their experience in close and repeated cooperation with a view …

in the form of economic sanctions and a Western price cap on Russian oil. Europe regrouped its energy sovereignty and … nuanced accounting of energy security based on energy sovereignty and energy solidarity. Energy solidarity requires a pooling … of energy sovereignty based on values. A historical case study is developed assessing German, Polish, and EU energy …