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Under the regime of Regulation 1/2003 on the implementation of the rules of competition laid down in Articles 101 and … 102 TFEU undertakings are obliged to take care by themselves of their compliance with the competition rules. For practical … approach" to competition law, the Commission has published a number of guidelines which are setting out the relevant criteria …
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the ERC has been replaced by a new competition which may be more unbalanced due to differences in the distribution of …
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strive for framework conditions that enable or even better facilitate innovation as well as dynamic competition. Ultimately …
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In the European Emission Trading scheme the supply of allowances exceeds emissions - cumulating, according to our estimates, in a surplus of 2.7 billion tonnes by 2013/2014. We find that initially the surplus was acquired by power companies so as to hedge future carbon costs. As the surplus...
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One empirical argument that has been around for some time and that clearly contra- dicts equity market efficiency is that market prices seem too volatile to be optimal estimates of the present value of future discounted cash flows. Based on this, it is deduced that systematic pricing errors...
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The accelerated overseas expansion of multinational retailers (MRs) over the last decade transformed these companies into major regional and global actors. In this paper we question how MRs arriving in foreign markets affect the export performance of local firms. We develop a theoretical...
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