between economic growth, measured by GDP per capita, and greenhouse gas emissions, on the EU28, for the period 1980-2016 when … derivatives.We notice a great heterogeneity between the European states both of all EU28 members and within the four groups that … we formed depending on GDP per capita growth. This conclusion shows that a common emission reduction policy in EU28 is …

specializations and economic policy coordination, contributed to the synchronization of business cycles in the enlarged EU. We … synchronization, specifically between incumbent and new EU members. More coordinated fiscal policies and, particularly in EU 15, the … EU income convergence, a declared objective of EU policy, supported business cycle synchronization. …

important insights on the economic catch-up exhibited by the new EU members in light of the institutional changes and … convergence in the EU, however, we identify subgroups that converge to different steady states using an iterative testing … suggests a clear separation between the new and old EU member states in the long run. …