Rationale The Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (RTRP), linked to Next Generation EU, details an investment programme that represents a unique opportunity to facilitate the structural transformation of the Spanish economy, on account of both the plan’s envelope (around €69.5...

We show that several shocks identifi ed without restrictions from a model, and frequently used in the empirical literature, display some persistence. We demonstrate that the two leading methods to recover impulse responses to shocks (moving average representations and local projections) treat...

Este documento describe los principales canales de transmisión de los efectos desbordamiento (spillovers) de las políticas fiscales nacionales a otros países de la zona del euro y analiza su magnitud utilizando diferentes modelos. En el contexto de la Unión Económica y Monetaria (UEM), los...

Event: Presentation of the Annual Report 2021. Organized by: Banco de España