The emergence of the Internet as a commercialization method has offered organizations many opportunities. However, when buyers want to execute a transaction online, a certain distrust typically accompanies the need to provide personal data. To address this problem, assurance seals have been...

This article is a brief account of the main laws governing or impacting upon the breeding of new resistant grapevine varieties, complementing previous work in this Journal. It focusses on the emergence of the legal fields of plant variety rights and sanitary and phytosanitary measures to bring...