Individual European country taxes have recently been tailored towards a policy that incentivizes clean energy alternatives in order to curb CO2 and other harmful emissions that contribute to the continent’s carbon footprint. Cutting against this established tax policy, the European Court of...

The transition towards clean electricity is central to global decarbonisation. Countless metrics are used to assess national electricity transition efforts, which hinders understanding and comparison between nations or political party pledges. This study instead proposes three simple metrics:...

Europeans need secure, sustainable and affordable energy. Our way of life is such that energy is vital for essential day-to-day services, without which we and our businesses cannot function. We need it for our lighting, heating, transport and industrial output. In addition to our basic needs we...

Europeans need secure, sustainable and affordable energy. Our way of life is such that energy is vital for essential day-to-day services, without which we and our businesses cannot function. We need it for our lighting, heating, transport and industrial output. In addition to our basic needs we...

Europeans need secure, sustainable and affordable energy. Our way of life is such that energy is vital for essential day-to-day services, without which we and our businesses cannot function. We need it for our lighting, heating, transport and industrial output. In addition to our basic needs we...

Two years after the EU formally launched its strategy for an energy union, this report examines the energy challenges facing the different regions of Europe, investigating shared priorities and common projects, as well as barriers to integration and cooperation. A series of chapters devoted to...

Two years after the EU formally launched its strategy for an energy union, this report examines the energy challenges facing the different regions of Europe, investigating shared priorities and common projects, as well as barriers to integration and cooperation. A series of chapters devoted to...

This paper analyses the benefits of further market integration of European wholesale electricity markets. Major gains from trade are sill left unrealized due to (1) uncomplete market coupling of national wholesale markets, (2) isolated national regulation of capacity and reserve mechanisms (CRM)...

This paper compares different just transition pathways in China, the European Union and the United States of America by comparing the current state of the coal sector and just transition policies away from coal. How can social justice in the energy transition be achieved under different models...