This paper presents ration-by-distance (RBD), a new allocation method to be used in planning ground delay programs (GDPs) for Traffic Flow Management. It is shown that RBD minimizes total expected delay, under certain assumptions related to the manner in which GDP's are dynamically controlled....

A review of the basic theory of optimal open-source software contributions points to three key factors affecting supply: non-pecuniary benefits, future expected monetary returns, and open-source licence type. This paper argues that existing large-scale software developer surveys are inadequate...